![]() ![]() Moreover, with different softening laws assumed, different initial fracture energies should be taken to obtain proper results. It is shown that all softening curves produce results consistent with the experimental data. In addition, the force-displacement curves are also analyzed. Two error measures are defined and used to quantitatively assess calculated maximum forces (nominal strengths) in comparison with experimental values as a primary criterion. Numerical results are compared with experimental outcomes recently reported in the literature. An ambiguity in choosing material parameters and softening curve definitions is discussed. Finally, a rational Bezier curve is tested. First, a bilinear softening definition is utilized. Three different softening laws are examined. Sensitivity of the results with respect to the material parameters and the specimen geometry is investigated. Comprehensive parametric study with the respect to the tensile strength and the initial fracture energy is performed. EXtended Finite Element Method (XFEM) with a cohesive softening law is used. In-plane geometrically similar notched and unnotched beams under three-point bending are analyzed. ![]() Results of the numerical simulations of the size effect phenomenon for concrete in comparison with experimental data are presented. ![]()
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